Unit V: Memory Management ⭐Numerical Formula: Hit Ratio : Hit Ratio = Number of Hits Total Accesses Effective Access Time (EAT) : EAT = ( Hit Ratio × Cache Access Time ) + ( Miss Ratio × Memory Access Time ) ⭐Memory Protection 1. Introduction to M…
Unit VI: Pipelining ⭐Numerical Formula: Pipeline Speedup : S = Execution time without pipeline Execution time with pipeline Throughput : T = Number of instructions Total time Efficiency : E = Pipeline speedup Number of stages ⭐Advanced Caches-I …
Unit IV: Instruction Set Architecture ⭐Numerical Formula: CPI (Cycles Per Instruction) : CPI = Total Cycles Instruction Count Execution Time : Time = Instruction Count × CPI × Clock Cycle Time MIPS : MIPS = Instruction Count Execution Time (in sec…
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